Millet may lower risk of type 2 diabetes-study

Millets are a healthy food option that can aid in managing lifestyle diseases, particularly diabetes, researchers from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) now report.

According to researchers, millets have low glycemic index (GI), a crucial factor in stabilising blood sugar levels when compared with other foods.

While millets have on average a GI of 52.7, white rice has 66, maize floor has 70 and refined wheat flour has 85.

And even after common cooking methods like boiling, baking, and steaming, studies reveal that millets maintain a lower GI than rice, wheat, and maize.

Beyond their low GI, millets are also rich in dietary fibre.

Studies show that high-fibre diets are associated with improved insulin sensitivity and better blood sugar control. Millets are also known for their exemplary nutritional benefits.

These grains are a powerhouse of essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals. They are particularly rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc.

Zinc and magnesium may both have a role in regulating blood sugar levels.

A review of 32 controlled studies conducted in 2019 underscores the importance of zinc in reducing several glycemic indicators in people living with diabetes. 

Traditional diets rich in millets, such as those in India and several African nations, have long been associated with reduced incidences of diabetes.

Currently diabetes affects over 400 million people globally. Deaths related to diabetes have risen by 70 percent in the last 23 years with global diabetics expected to reach over 700 million people by 2045.

With just one cup of cooked millet, which include sorghum, finger millet, pearl millet, foxtail millet and other small millets, provides an impressive dose of fibre, making it a delicious and effective addition to a diabetes-friendly diet, according to recent study.

Research underscores the pivotal role of diet in managing and preventing diabetes, urging us to explore wholesome, nutrient-dense options to combat this global health crisis.

Researchers now feel that the journey of millets, from farm to plate, takes various routes to reach both rural and urban consumers.

In rural areas, policies and subsidies help integrate millets into school meals and public distribution systems. In urban settings, millet adoption hinges on promoting health benefits, culinary versatility, and tasty, convenient options. 

Millet value chains and market linkages need strengthening besides ensuring market access and fair prices through market demand to support millet farmers.